Connectivity of Coral Ecosystems (CYCLE) in the Northwestern Gulf of Mexico

Connectivity of Coral Ecosystems (CYCLE) in the Northwestern Gulf of Mexico

Past Expedition

Dates
April - May 2019
Location
Gulf of Mexico/Caribbean

Overview

This was the first year of a five-year study to investigate population connectivity for key coral, sponge, and fish species between shallow and mesophotic reefs of the Flower Garden Banks National Marine Sanctuary and its proposed expansion areas to the east. The project led by Lehigh University is funded by NOAA’s National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science and the Office of Ocean Exploration and Research in partnership with the Flower Garden Banks National Marine Sanctuary.

Features

Basket stars, feather stars, and corals colonizing the top of a carbonate outcrop at Alderdice Bank, 86 meters (282 feet) deep.
Summary of the Connectivity of Coral Ecosystems (CYCLE) in the Northwestern Gulf of Mexico project.
June 10, 2019
Red snapper, Lutjanas campechanus, is one of two focal species for this project. Red snapper is a commercial species that is found throughout the Gulf of Mexico from 15-90 meters (50-300 feet) in depth. Image courtesy of Southeast Fisheries Science Center – Panama City and University of North Carolina Wilmington Undersea Vehicles Program.
From May 17 to 26, if you are looking for me, I’ll be out fishing. The second cruise, this field season, will begin on May 17 on the R/V Southern Journey (owned and operated by NOAA’s National Marine Fisheries Service) and will focus on collecting our two target species―Red Snapper (Lutjanas campechanus) and Tomtate (Haemulon aurolineatum).
May 11, 2019
The Flower Garden Banks National Marine Sanctuary (FGBNMS) in the northwestern Gulf of Mexico is comprised of stunning and unique continental shelf-edge coral reef habitats.
May 9, 2019
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An image of a mesophotic habitat in the Gulf of Mexico collected using the high-resolution camera on the Global Explorer remotely operated vehicle.
Marine animals that live on the reefs and banks of the Northwestern Gulf of Mexico have propagules (i.e., eggs, larvae, or juveniles) that often move or disperse to other reefs and banks transported by ocean currents. Because it is difficult to track a single egg or larva, we are modeling the oceanic currents that affect the reefs and banks located on the outer continental shelf in the Northwestern Gulf of Mexico.
May 7, 2019
Marine animals that live on the reefs and banks of the Northwestern Gulf of Mexico have propagules (i.e., eggs, larvae, or juveniles) that often move or disperse to other reefs and banks transported by ocean currents. Because it is difficult to track a single egg or larva, we are modeling the oceanic currents that affect the reefs and banks located on the outer continental shelf in the Northwestern Gulf of Mexico.
May 5, 2019
Autonomous reef monitoring structures or ARMS are standardized stacked layers of PVC (polyvinyl chloride) plates that mimic the structural complexity of reefs. Think of them as underwater condominiums or pre-fabricated homes that can be used as biodiversity barometers to compare one place to another or change to an ecosystem through time.
May 3, 2019
The Global Explorer remotely operated vehicle collecting sediment samples at Alderdice bank, 63 meters (207 feet) deep, using a push core. The collected samples will eventually undergo isotopic analyses in the lab.
By tracking the diet of animals in and around the Flower Garden Banks National Marine Sanctuary, we can understand what the animals have eaten and where they have traveled to obtain their food. In turn, this information helps resource managers understand habitat use and food web connections between different marine animals.
May 1, 2019
Lehigh University postdoctoral researcher, Matt Galaska, preserving coral tissue. Image courtesy of Emma Saso.
Today, we are going to discuss how we preserve the coral samples we are collecting with the Global Explorer remotely operated vehicle (ROV).
April 29, 2019
ROV Global Explorer being deployed from the R/V Pelican. Image courtesy of Jennie McClain.
On our cruise, we are using the remotely operated vehicle (ROV) Global Explorer (owned and operated by Oceaneering International, Inc.) to sample animals, including corals and sponges, which serve as local biodiversity hotspots and habitats for other organisms within the northwestern Gulf of Mexico.
April 27, 2019
Figure 3. Scientists collecting the sea fan, Swiftia exserta, with a remotely operated vehicle. Image Credit: Santiago Herrera and Oceaneering International
This is the first year of a five year study to investigate connectivity of key coral, sponge, and fish species between shallow and mesophotic coral ecosystems of the Flower Garden Banks National Marine Sanctuary and its proposed expansion areas to the east.
April 22, 2019
The coral reefs of the Flower Garden Banks National Marine Sanctuary have over 50% coral cover, dominated by massive star and brain corals. This panoramic image was taken on the flanks of the East Flower Garden Bank where coral cover is upwards of 80%. The corals here grow in a more flattened form to capture as much light as possible to maximize photosynthesis by their symbiotic algae, which live in the tissues of the coral animals. Image credit: FGBNMS/Hickerson
The Flower Garden Banks National Marine Sanctuary is home to spectacular coral reefs–with massive boulder and brain corals dominating the landscape, as far as a diver can see .
April 22, 2019
Figure 2. The sea fan, Hypnogorgia pendula, one of our focal species, is found throughout the Northwestern Gulf of Mexico. Pictured at Bouma Bank, 79 m.  Image Credit: Santiago Herrera and NOAA Flower Garden Banks National Marine Sanctuary/University of North Carolina Wilmington-Undersea Vehicles Program
We are studying the coral ecosystems found on the reefs and banks to the east of the Flower Garden Banks National Marine Sanctuary to determine their potential connectivity to the reefs of the sanctuary and other coral ecosystems further afield in the Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean.
April 22, 2019
Invasive lionfish amid a Hypnogorgia octocoral garden, 83 m (272 ft) deep at Elvers Bank. Image courtesy of Santiago Herrera and Flower Garden Banks National Marine Sanctuary/University of North Carolina Wilmington’s Undersea Vehicles Program.
We are studying the coral ecosystems found on the reefs and banks to the east of the Flower Garden Banks National Marine Sanctuary to determine their potential connectivity to the reefs of the sanctuary and other coral ecosystems further afield in the Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean.
April 22, 2019
Figure 1. Mesophotic coral ecosystems can be found from 30–100+ m in the northwestern Gulf of Mexico. Pictured is Geyer Bank at ~32 m. Photo Credit: Flower Garden Banks National Marine Sanctuary (FGBNMS)/University of North Carolina at Wilmington, Undersea Vehicles Program (UNCW-UVP).
Mesophotic coral ecosystems are characterized by the presence of light-dependent corals and associated communities typically found at depths ranging from 30-40 m and extending to over 100 m in the Gulf of Mexico .
April 22, 2019

Multimedia

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Meet the Exploration Team

Learn more about the team members and their contributions to this project.

Assistant Professor - University of New Brunswick
Graduate Student - Lehigh University
Graduate Student - Lehigh University
Fishery Biologist - NOAA National Marine Fisheries Service
Marine Biologist - CSS Dynamac Contractor for NOAA National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science
Postdoctoral Research Associate – Lehigh University